Auch ich werde den 20. Juli 1969 niemals vergessen. Als 15-jähriger Bub war ich mit Familie Gast in einer österreichischen Ferienpension, die in ihrer Gaststube einen Schwarz-Weiß-Fernseher aufwies, auf dem sich die verwaschene Mondbilder gar nicht so sehr vom übrigen Programm unterschieden. Aber ich war fasziniert. In meiner Begeisterung hatte ich von irgendwoher ein Buch über Raketenphysik ergattert und starrte ergriffen auf die Vektor-Bezeichnungen in schwerer Frakturschrift, die andeuteten, daß es sich dabei um echte Wissenschaft handeln müßte. Der Inhalt war natürlich zu hoch für mich, aber ich erwartete wohl, daß er auf magische Weise durch's Kopfkissen diffundieren und meine Vorstellungen von der Physik der Raketen erhellen würde.
So ähnlich ist es mir ein paar Jahre später ergangen, nachdem ich Anrecht auf einen vollwertigen Benutzerausweis der Stadtbibliothek unseres bescheidenen Kuhschnappels hatte. Das einzige Buch, das halbwegs vertieft in die zugrundeliegende Materie einstieg, erweis sich als als Einführungstext für angehende Studenten der Physik oder des Ingenieruswesens, mit laufenden Seiten mehrstöckiger Formeln & Fachchinesisch, von denen Δv noch das Schlichteste war. Immerhin hat es mir dann, wieder ein paar Jahre später, sofort deutlich gemacht, warum Willy Ley, der Ende der zwanziger Jahre zu den Gründungsmitgliedern des Vereins für Raumschiffahrt gehörte, als erste Veröffentlichung Hermann Oberths Dissertation "Die Rakete zu den Planetenräumen" "ins Lesbare übersetzt" hat, ohne allzugroßen Formelverhau und auch Nichteingeweihten verständlich ("Die Fahrt ins Weltall," Leipzig 1926). (Ley war dann nach dem Krieg der größte Popularisator der Ideen der Weltraumfahrt in den USA und hat u.a. fast 20 Jahre lang eine monatliche Wissenschaftskolumne für das führende Science-Fiction-Magazin der Nachkriegszeit, "Galaxy," geschrieben. Das Schicksal hat es gefügt, daß er einen Monat vor der Landung von Apollo 11 in New York gestorben ist.)
PS. Herzlich willkommen im Kleinen Zimmer!
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Leider habe ich keine Erinnerung daran, um welches Buch es sich damals gehandelt hat. Zu der Zeit war ich schon Gymnasiast, hatte also nicht nur Zugang zu unserer Dorfbibliothek, aber so ein Werk scheint mir nicht so ganz in das dortige Programm zu passen. Andererseits wüßte ich nicht so recht, woher es sonst hätte kommen können.
Die Theorie ist zwar nicht durch das Kopfkissen diffundiert, aber meine lebenslange Leidenschaft für Technik ist durch die damaligen Ereignisse sicher beflügelt worden
Zitat The Pléiades Neo satellite, operated by the European aerospace company Airbus, caught high-resolution images showing the action from space.
The new satellite images from Airbus show KSC from about 385 miles (620 kilometers) above Earth's surface, with the expansive campus stretching along the Florida coast. The images include a view from space of the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) at KSC where SLS and Orion were stacked and assembled and, ultimately, where they left from on their journey to the launch pad.
Zooming in, Pléiades Neo further revealed SLS and Orion at launch pad 39B. As In sharing these photos, an Airbus representative pointed out that the company built the service module component of Orion.
Zitat Mar 22, 2022 MEDIA ADVISORY M22-037 NASA to Discuss Artemis Strategy for Astronaut Moon Landers
NASA will host a media teleconference at 3:30 p.m. EDT Wednesday, March 23, to provide an update on the agency’s goals to transport astronauts from lunar orbit to the surface of the Moon under Artemis.
Audio of the teleconference will stream live online at:
Bill Nelson, NASA administrator Jim Free, associate administrator for NASA’s Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate Mark Kirasich, deputy associate administrator for Artemis campaign development Lisa Watson-Morgan, Human Landing System Program manager
To participate in the teleconference, media must contact Jimi Russell at: james.j.russell@nasa.gov no more than two hours before the start of the event for dial-in information.
Astronaut Moon landers are a vital part of NASA’s deep space exploration plans, along with the Space Launch System rocket, Orion spacecraft, ground systems, and Gateway. NASA is committed to using commercial landers to carry astronauts to the surface of the Moon, expanding exploration and preparing humanity for the next giant leap, human exploration of Mars.
Zitat von March 23, 2022NASA Provides Update to Astronaut Moon Lander Plans Under Artemis
As NASA makes strides to return humans to the lunar surface under Artemis, the agency announced plans Wednesday to create additional opportunities for commercial companies to develop an astronaut Moon lander.
Under this new approach, NASA is asking American companies to propose lander concepts capable of ferrying astronauts between lunar orbit and the lunar surface for missions beyond Artemis III, which will land the first astronauts on the Moon in more than 50 years.
Built and operated according to NASA’s long-term requirements at the Moon, new landers will have the capability to dock to a lunar orbiting space station known as Gateway, increase crew capacity, and transport more science and technology to the surface. ... n April 2021, NASA selected SpaceX as its partner to land the next American astronauts on the lunar surface. That demonstration mission is targeted for no earlier than April 2025. Exercising an option under the original award, NASA now is asking SpaceX to transform the company’s proposed human landing system into a spacecraft that meets the agency’s requirements for recurring services for a second demonstration mission. Pursuing more development work under the original contract maximizes NASA’s investment and partnership with SpaceX.
To bring a second entrant to market for the development of a lunar lander in parallel with SpaceX, NASA will issue a draft solicitation in the coming weeks. This upcoming activity will lay out requirements for a future development and demonstration lunar landing capability to take astronauts between orbit and the surface of the Moon. This effort is meant to maximize NASA’s support for competition and provides redundancy in services to help ensure NASA’s ability to transport astronauts to the lunar surface.
This upcoming second contract award, known as the Sustaining Lunar Development contract, combined with the second option under SpaceX’s original landing award, will pave the way to future recurring lunar transportation services for astronauts at the Moon.
Ground teams at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center are loading hydrazine into the Space Launch System’s booster hydraulic power units today, one of the major steps to prepare for a countdown dress rehearsal as soon as next weekend.
NASA officials gave the green light Friday for the first all-commercial astronaut launch to the International Space Station on a SpaceX rocket as soon as next Sunday, April 3.
2:30 AM · Mar 26, 2022·TweetDeck
Zitat Spaceflight Now @SpaceflightNow
A rehearsal for NASA’s Artemis 1 moon rocket at Kennedy Space Center is set for April 3, the same day as Axiom's astronaut launch from a nearby pad. If schedules hold, NASA will give priority to the Artemis test, delaying the Axiom flight at least a day.
Der "Wet Dress Rehearsal" wird ohne Pressebeteiligung stattfinden.
Zitat von Mar 28, 2022 MEDIA ADVISORY M22-041The test, known as the wet dress rehearsal, is planned for Friday, April 1, through Sunday, April 3, on Launch Pad 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. During the test, engineers will demonstrate the ability to conduct a full launch countdown at the pad, including loading and draining cryogenic, or supercold, propellants into the Artemis I rocket.
Teleconference participants include:
Tom Whitmeyer, associate administrator for common exploration systems development, NASA Headquarters in Washington Charlie Blackwell-Thompson, Artemis launch director, NASA Exploration Ground Systems program, NASA Kennedy John Honeycutt, manager, Space Launch System program, NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama Howard Hu, manager, Orion program, NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston Mike Sarafin, Artemis mission manager, NASA Headquarters
To participate by telephone, media must RSVP no later than two hours prior to the start of the event to: ksc-newsroom@mail.nasa.gov.
The agency will provide live video of the rocket on the pad, without audio or commentary, beginning at 12 p.m. Friday, April 1, on the Kennedy Newsroom YouTube channel through the duration of the test. Real-time operations updates will be posted on the Artemis blog and social accounts. There are no in-person media activities planned for wet dress rehearsal.
The agency will also host a post-test media teleconference with the participants listed above at 11 a.m. April 4.
NASA announced it will conduct the SLS wet dress rehearsal behind closed doors. No independent media coverage. Never in the history of U.S. human spaceflight has the press corps or the public been left this much in the dark about a new NASA vehicle:
Zitat NASA begins critical Artemis countdown rehearsal at Kennedy Space Center
NASA commenced a two-day countdown dress rehearsal for the agency’s huge Space Launch System moon rocket Friday, with clocks ticking down to a critical milestone Sunday, when the heavy-lifter will be fueled and pressurized on the launch pad for the first time.
The two-day countdown began at 5 p.m. EDT (2100 GMT) Friday with countdown clocks at Kennedy Space Center starting at T-minus 43 hours, 40 minutes. The test will culminate with a simulated cutoff of the countdown at T-minus 9.34 seconds Sunday afternoon, just before the rocket’s four RS-25 main engines would ignite on launch day.
The countdown test, called a wet dress rehearsal, is a major milestone before NASA proceeds with an attempt to launch the 322-foot-tall (98-meter) Space Launch System on the Artemis 1 mission, the first test flight for the Artemis program to return astronauts to the moon.
“This is our last design verification prior to our launch,” said Tom Whitmeyer, NASA’s deputy associate administrator for exploration systems development. “And it is a test, so I have to note that we could learn something during the test. So we’ll take the data and address the data as we get it.”
Artemis 1 is scheduled to launch no earlier than June 6. NASA managers plan to select an official target date for the Artemis 1 launch after the wet dress rehearsal.
Zitat Over the course of the weekend, engineers, technicians, and mission managers at Kennedy and other support locations across the United States will run through their procedures just as they would on launch day.
The water tank at launch pad 39B, which provides water for the facility’s sound suppression system, will be filled as it would in a real countdown. The Orion spacecraft and SLS computers will be powered up, and technicians will move flame deflectors into place at pad 39B, even though no engines will ignite during the test.
The Space Launch System’s upper stage, derived from United Launch Alliance’s Delta 4 rocket, will be powered up early Sunday, and pad 39B will be cleared of all personnel.
The countdown will hold for 90 minutes early Sunday, allowing teams inside the launch control center at Kennedy to make sure everything is ready to begin loading super-cold liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen into the rocket’s propellant tanks.
That propellant loading should begin shortly after 7 a.m. EDT (1100 GMT) for the giant Boeing-built core stage, covered in orange foam insulation to prevent ice build-up on the rocket’s outer skin.
Liquid oxygen, chilled to minus 297 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 183 degrees Celsius) will begin loading first into the core stage. Then liquid hydrogen, stored at minus 423 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 253 degrees Celsius), will start pumping into the rocket’s main stage at pad 39B.
It will take about three hours to load liquid oxygen into the core stage, and an hour-and-a-half for liquid hydrogen. In flight, the propellants will feed the rocket’s four RS-25 main engines, leftovers from the space shuttle program, for a burn lasting more than eight minutes.
Then the launch team will move on to loading hydrogen and oxygen into the rocket’s cryogenic upper stage, powered by a single Aerojet Rocketdyne RL10 engine. Here’s a breakdown of the propellants that will be loaded into the rocket Sunday:
Momentan (Sa., 02. April, 03:25) steht der Countdown bei -17h 31Min.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat von Artemis blog, April 2, 2022Meteorologists with the U.S. Space Force Space Launch Delta 45 currently predict favorable weather conditions for tanking on April 3. Forecast for this afternoon slightly improved from yesterday. There is currently less than a 5% chance of lightning within five nautical miles of the launch pad. Weather constraints stipulate there must be less than a 20% chance lightning within 5 nautical miles of pad during the first hour of tanking. Meteorologists are also predicting a 10% chance of winds greater than 23 knots on April 3, when tanking begins. Winds must not be above 37.5 knots and the temperature cannot be below 41 degrees Fahrenheit. Around 3 a.m. on Saturday April 2, at approximately L-35 hours and 20 minutes, the Artemis I launch control team powered up the Space Launch System rocket’s core stage, which will be loaded with more than 700,000 gallons of propellants during the tanking phase of the countdown. During the day, teams will charge Orion flight batteries, conduct final preparations on umbilical arms, and conduct a final pre-launch walkdown.
While operations at the pad may not be visible during today’s activities at the launch pad, NASA is streaming live video of the rocket and spacecraft on the Kennedy Newsroom YouTube channel.
NASA is also sharing updates on the Exploration Ground Systems Twitter account. Real-time updates from Jeremy Parsons, deputy manager of the Exploration Ground Systems Program, will begin on the account when the launch director and mission management team chair give a “go” for tanking operations, expected to occur around 7 a.m. EDT on Sunday, April 3.
Zitat von 04/03/2022 05:18After assessing four lightning strikes this afternoon at pad 39B, NASA says there are "no constraints" to proceeding with overnight preparations for loading the Space Launch System with cryogenic propellants.
A mission management team meeting is scheduled at 6 a.m. EDT (1000 GMT) Sunday, when officials will review the readiness of the rocket, Orion spacecraft, and ground systems for the start of propellant loading operations.
The Space Launch System will be filled with super-cold liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants, and NASA's launch team will run through a series of tests before ending the countdown just inside of T-minus 10 seconds, before ignition of the core stage engines.
There were four lightning strikes this afternoon within the perimeter of pad 39B as severe storms passed through the Kennedy Space Center. All struck the pad's lightning protection towers, according to NASA.
The first three were "low intensity" strikes to Tower No. 2, and the fourth was a higher intensity strike to Tower No. 1, NASA said.
The SLS core stage and Orion spacecraft were powered up when the lightning hit. The solid rocket boosters and upper stage were not powered.
"Teams currently see no constraints to proceeding with the test countdown timeline as planned," NASA said tonight.
Zitat von 04/03/2022 12:25The Artemis 1 simulated countdown is in a pre-planned hold at T-minus 6 hours, 40 minutes. NASA's mission management team is now meeting to decide whether to proceed with loading of super-cold liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen propellants into the Space Launch System on pad 39B.
Zitat von 04/03/2022 13:01After the SLS boosters and upper stage were powered up overnight, NASA’s mission management team has just given the “go” to begin loading cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen into the Artemis 1 rocket for today’s countdown dress rehearsal.
Die eingespielten Zeitmarken sind MESZ.
Zitat The flame deflectors divert ignited propellant away from the rocket and ground infrastructure at liftoff. Although the engines will not be lit during the test, launch controllers are using the wet dress rehearsal to practice countdown milestones like they would on launch day.
The umbilicals provide power, communications, coolant, and fuel to different parts of the rocket. Additional accessories provide access and stabilize the rocket and spacecraft. During launch, each umbilical releases from its connection point, allowing the rocket and spacecraft to lift off safely from the launch pad.
Cryogenic loading operations are schedule to begin around 7:20 a.m., or with L-7 hours, 20 minutes remaining in the countdown.
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys Teams did a fantastic job recovering from the storms last night. We are currently about 1 hour behind plan but working well. Team is looking to recover time where possible and into preps for tanking operations.-JP 1:25 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Twitter Web App
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys (1/4) 1 of the strikes last night was the strongest we have seen since we installed the new lightning protection system. It hit the catenary wire that runs between the 3 towers. System performed extremely well & kept SLS and Orion safe. Glad we enhanced protection since Shuttle!
1:42 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Twitter Web App
(2/4) Each tower is topped with a fiberglass mast and a series of catenary wires and down conductors designed to divert lightning away from the rocket and service structure. This configuration helps keep the rocket isolated from dangerous currents.
(3/4) The system significantly increased the shielding level over the previous shuttle system and further separates the electrical current from vital launch hardware.
(4/4) The new system also has an array of sensors, both on the ground and the mobile launcher, will help determine the rocket's condition after a nearby lightning strike, which can prevent days of delays.-JP
Die Obsession der NASA mit Blitzschlägen rührt daher, daß Apollo 12 während des Starts am 24. November 1969 zum Mond 2x vom Blitz getroffen wurde. In allen wünschenswerten Details samt der Computeranzeigen in der Raumkapsel und dem Verlust der Telemetriedaten hier nachzulesen:
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys The team has entered into an unplanned hold at T-6 Hours to sync pad operations and Launch Control Center.-JP 2:15 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Twitter Web App
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys · 1m Cryo flow has not begun yet. We are sending a team to the pad to verify we have good positive pressure on the mobile launcher prior to tanking operations.-JP
Zitat von 14:48NASA is releasing only text updates during the Artemis 1 wet dress rehearsal. NASA TV will not be airing any live commentary for the final hours of the practice countdown. The agency’s television channel has previously provided live coverage of similar events, such as space shuttle tanking tests.
Tom Whitmeyer, a NASA manager whose responsibilities include overseeing the SLS and Orion programs, said the agency is restricting access to the countdown audio loops due to “export control” concerns. He said NASA is being “super sensitive” and “cautious.” ... NASA provided regular access to launch control team audio for space shuttle countdowns. Whitmeyer said last week NASA had worked through details on what information could be released during shuttle countdown operations, but hasn’t done so for the Space Launch System.
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys (1/2) We've confirmed positive pressure on the mobile launcher, but continuing to sync up other activities. This is the first time we are performing the integrated cryo operations at the pad and teams are taking lessons as they progress through countdown procedures. 3:34 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Twitter Web App
(2/2) The events happening now represent a great training and learning opportunity for the team prior to launch.-JP
Zitat Stephen Clark @StephenClark1 Now an hour and 20 minutes into this unplanned hold. Launch director Charlie Blackwell-Thompson said last week the team has about a two-hour window — or maybe a little more — to work with during today’s WDR. 3:32 PM · Apr 3, 2022·TweetDeck
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys A nice thing about this being a test, and not launching today, is that we have flexibility with the test window to work through first time issues. Teams have departed the pad and weather still looks favorable as they close in on activities to resume the count.-JP 4:09 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Twitter Web App
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys · 1h There is an issue with the prime and redundant supply fans for ML pressurization. Team is holding on cryo flow to troubleshoot and evaluate a path forward.-JP
NASA's Exploration Ground Systems @NASAGroundSys· 21m Wet dress rehearsal is scrubbed for today. We are unable to provide positive pressure to the enclosed areas within the mobile launcher and keep out hazardous gases. Technicians are unable to safely proceed with loading without this capability. Looking at a 24 hr turnaround.-JP
NASA @NASA For safety, we've stopped the #Artemis I wet dress rehearsal. Teams are meeting now to assess next steps. We are looking at Monday, April 4 as the next opportunity to resume operations, and will have a media briefing later today. Check here for updates. http://blogs.nasa.gov/artemis/ 6:06 PM · Apr 3, 2022·Sprinklr
Die Media Teleconference, also die öffentliche Ankündigung, wie es mit der Terminierung des "Wet Dress Rehearsals" jetzt (morgen 2. Versuch oder grundsätzliche Überprüfung der Systeme zuerst?) weitergehen soll, ist für 23:30 MESZ angekündigt.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
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