Zitat Artemis 4 and Artemis 5 moon missions will include European astronauts (exclusive interview)- By Elizabeth Howell
"I do everything to make sure that our commitment will be met," European Space Agency chief Josef Aschbacher tells Space.com.
We now know when Europeans will land on the moon alongside NASA astronauts.
Both the Artemis 4 and Artemis 5 moon-landing missions, which are slated to launch in 2028 and 2029, respectively, will feature one European Space Agency astronaut, ESA Director Josef Aschbacher told Space.com. Another ESA astronaut is guaranteed to fly on a future Artemis moon mission, but which one is not decided yet.
"I'm very happy and very proud that NASA is relying on Europe as a partner in providing critical elements" for Artemis missions, Aschbacher said.
He was speaking on July 1 hours after the launch of Euclid, an ESA-led "dark universe" mission that also has NASA participation, and said the agencies seek to have a good dialogue about expectations for all missions. "I do everything to make sure that our commitment will be met," Aschbacher added.
Eight member states of ESA are signatories to the NASA-led Artemis Accords, which aim to set a path for moon exploration and to establish international peaceful norms for space exploration. The addition of India and Ecuador last month brings the number of Artemis Accord signatories to 27.
Europe is also contributing the service module, which supplies electricity and other resources, for NASA's Orion spacecraft, which will carry Artemis astronauts to the moon. And ESA is supplying (in partnership with Japan) a habitat module and a refueling module for NASA's moon-orbiting Gateway space station, a key piece of Artemis infrastructure.
ESA officials previously said that, in exchange, the agency will receive three flight opportunities for European astronauts to launch on Artemis missions, but did not name those flights. ... NASA then plans to follow up the effort with the Artemis 3 surface mission no earlier than 2025 or 2026, pending readiness of SpaceX's Starship system, which will serve as the mission's lunar lander. The launch dates of Artemis 4 and 5 may therefore adjust depending on when Artemis 3 touches down.
Zitat China is formalizing its plans to land a pair of astronauts on the surface of the moon before the end of the decade.
A preliminary plan to put two astronauts on the moon for a short period to conduct scientific tasks and collect samples was presented by Zhang Hailian, deputy chief designer with the China Manned Space Agency (CMSA), at the 9th China (International) Commercial Aerospace Forum in Wuhan, Hubei province, July 12.
The mission envisions a crewed spacecraft and lander segments launching separately on a pair of under-development Long March 10 rockets. The crew spacecraft and landing stack will rendezvous and dock in lunar orbit ahead of a moon landing attempt.
A new-generation crew spacecraft will have a mass of 26 tons and be capable of deep space flight and high-velocity atmospheric reentry. China has already carried out a full scale boilerplate flight test of a version of a new-gen spacecraft in a relatively high orbit.
The landing segment will consist of a lander and a propulsion stage with a total mass of around 26 tons. The propulsion stage will be used for entering lunar orbit and descent towards the lunar surface. The lander will be capable of soft landing on the moon and returning the astronauts to lunar orbit.
The lander will be equipped with four 7500N variable thrust engines. Zhang said the mission is very sensitive to mass constraints, meaning a lightweight design and integrated designs are necessary. “We also need to take advanced materials and structures to improve the structural efficiency and strictly control the weight,” Zhang said.
A lunar rover will also be part of the mission profile. It will have a mass of 200 kilograms, accommodate two astronauts and have a range of 10 kilometers.
A spacesuit is being developed for lunar surface operations with a working time of no less than eight hours, Zhang said. It will aid astronauts in walking, climbing, driving and operating machines on the moon.
The Long March 10 will be a three-stage rocket with three, five-meter-diameter cores for its first stage. It will be capable of sending 27 tons of payload to trans-lunar injection.
The test launch of the Long March 10A—a two-stage, low Earth orbit version of the larger rocket—is set for 2027. CASC recently reported progress on testing of the 130-ton-thrust kerosene-liquid oxygen engines for the rocket. ... The mission aims at being more than a flags and footprints campaign. China is planning to build a moon base in the 2030s known as the International Lunar Research Station (ILRS).
China plans a series of robotic missions across the 2020s as precursors to the ILRS. These include the 2026 Chang’e-7 orbiter, lander, rover and “mini flying detector” lunar south pole mission. Chang’e-8, currently scheduled for launch around 2028, will be an in-situ resource utilization and 3D-printing technology test mission.
"26 Tonnen." Zum Vergleich: Die Raumkapsel von Apollo 11 hatte eine Masse von 28,8 Tonnen, wovon 5,55 t auf die Kommandokapsel & 23,2 t auf die Versorgungs- und Antriebseinheit entfielen. Hinzu kam die Mondlandefähre mit einer Gesamtmasse von 15,1 t; wobei die Kapsel für die beiden Astronauten 2,4 t umfaßte & 2,3 t Treibstoff für den Rückstart enthielt.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat The Launch Pad @TLPN_Official ARTEMIS I - IN FLIGHT ANOMALIES @NASA has released the full list of In Flight Anomalies (IFAs) from the #Artemis1 mission to TLP Network via a Freedom Of Information Act (FOIA) request.
Exploration Ground Systems (EGS) - ECS ICPS/AFT Purge System Anomaly - Artemis I Post Launch Debris Seen In Imagery - Artemis I Post Launch ML/Pad Damage - Post Launch FOD Items from ML/Pad Walkdowns - Temporary ICPS/FWD and ICPS/AFT Purge Pressure Excursions - Incorrect Exposure Settings on 32 of 33 high speed film cameras - High H2 Concentrations in LH2 TSMU Post Launch - High speed digital 30-P1 camera stopped functioning pre-launch - High speed digital 30-P3 camera had interlacing/ghosting and incorrect timing
Flight Operations Directorate (FOD) - Extended Loss of Orion Data During Change from Uncoded to Coded Telemetry - Loss of Goldstone Support GMT 338 (December 4th) - ICMP Ping Intermittent Drop Outs - Loss of Orion Forward Link Following Handover to PDL - TDRS 275 Unable to Lock to Orion DG1M3 Coherent Telemetry
Orion Spacecraft SM = Service Module OSA = Orion Stage Adapter SAJ = Spacecraft Adapter Jettisoned FDIR = Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery RCS = Reaction Control System TPS = Thermal Protection System
- SM/OSA SAJ fairing hinge plate delamination - SM Propulsion pressure regulation unit anomaly - SAJ Panel #1 missing RTV and possible loose RTV - SM Helium latch valve position driver anomaly - NAV Channel 1 Unexpected Velocity Step Function - CAR Software Sending IG Rate Commands After Brake Engage Command - SM Prop Helium Valve Position Indicator Issues - C2b Battery Temperature Sensor Out of Family - SM PDE1B in Standby Mode after PCDU1B event (undetected by Prop FDIR) - Aux Leak Detection - SM RCS Thruster Pulsing
SLS Rocket CS = Core Stage - Unexpected Cryogenic Level Sensor System (CLSS) Loss of Comm Caution - Flight Termination System (FTS) Shelf 1A/1B Vibration - Flight Termination System (FTS) Shelf 4 Vibration - Intertank Skin Vibration - FTS System Tunnel Vibration - Unexpected Debris Liberated from Booster Throat Plug - CS-HazGas-004 CS LH2 Umbilical Carrier Plate Cavity Concentration Anomaly
Wie an dieser Stelle schon gelegentlich angedeutet, wäre ich nicht überrascht, wenn die NASA ihren Mondfahrplan aufgrund von erheblichen Kostenüberschreitungen um diverse Jahre reißt, um überhaupt das Programm stemmen zu können. (Es einfach abzublasen, dürfte mittlerweile wohl als zu großer Gesichtsverlust gelten.)
Zitat Chris Bergin - NSF@NASASpaceflight NASA is building a second Mobile Launcher for the Block 1B SLS. It was deemed to be cheaper and faster than converting $1 billion ML-1 for the rocket that is 30 feet taller than Block 1 SLS.
Zitat NASA OIG@NASAOIG NASA’s Mobile Launcher-2 costs have rocketed over $1b—nearly three times the original contract estimate. Our team will examine what NASA is doing to contain future cost growth and schedule delays. 4:02 PM · Sep 19, 2023
Ein leicht pessimistischer Zwischenruf, 17 Monate später.
Zitat Ken Kirtland IV@KenKirtland17 Orion thoughts 🧵
Orion is a crew capsule has been in development for close to 2 decades and has cost ~$28B so far in 2024 dollars.
The main items remaining for development are: 1. Heatshield 2. Life Support 3. Docking Capability
This is not good. 5:57 PM · May 2, 2024
Not all dev strategies and tests are the same. Orion was developed in the waterfall style, think Vulcan, SLS, New Glenn. The Artemis 1 flight was a validation test, meant to validate the 15+ years and tens of billions spent developing the capsule...
Unlike SLS and Vulcan, Orion did not do as well on this validation test. Critical crew safety systems such as the heatshield didn't perform well.
When you think of what Orion was testing on this mission (no life support, no docking port, no lunar orbit insertion) Reentry is probably the most major and critical test of the capsule on the Artemis 1 mission.
It is not good that NASA astronauts will be onboard the first flight of a capsule with temporary fixes to the heatshield (and then on the first flight of the permanent fix later).
NASA already (unwisely imo) chose to have astronauts in the capsule the first time it has a life support system. So after ~$28B and ~2 decades Crew will be onboard as the capsule tests it ECLSS on orbit for the first time and tests fixes to the heatshield.
Nothing in the above post is doom posting or even slightly controversial. It is unfortunat that we have major problems still, and major components still to go.
I do think NASA will figure it out. I don't think its unconscionable to fly crew on A2.
This story does show where cost and safety intersect in a unique way. Hard to imagine that if the capsule (and its LV) were cheaper to fly, NASA wouldn't fly another reentry test before crew. As to why crew is on the first mission w/ ECLSS I am just confused, no real excuse there
TL:DR
Orion should be in a better state. The crew is at an elevated risk due to this. That does suck. NASA is smart and will chart the safest way forward with given current constraints (constraints that we know all to well are not very excusable but exist).
I've seen some over the top doomerism sure, but most responses are: "X capsule tweaked this on the next flight" etc.
These are major issues, on a major system, (one of the only in flight tested systems) that require changes so major they won't even be present on the next flight.
Ich bemerke gerade, da geht ja gerade wieder echt die Post ab. Vier angekündigte Starts in den nächsten gut 16 Stunden. Einer auch zum Mond und einer sogar mit deutscher Rakete. Alle Achtung.
Gruß Morn <>< ______________________________________ Das Nervigste an der Meinungsfreiheit wird schon bald das Aufräumen nach der Hausdurchsuchung sein. (Julian Reichelt)
Zitat von Morn im Beitrag #56Vier angekündigte Starts in den nächsten gut 16 Stunden.
Nr. 1: Start der ersten beiden World View Systems-Satelliten von Maxar Space Systems um 20:37 MESZ vom Space Launch Complex 4-East (SLC-4E) in Vandenberg. 20. Start (& Landung) des Boosters B-1061; Landung nach 8 Min 21 Sek. auf der Landezone 4 (es ist der dritte Booster, der einen 20. Start absolviert hat; SpaceX hat gestern angekündigt, die Zahl der Einsätze auf 40 Flüge zu erhöhen.) 302. Landung einer Startstufe & 330. Start einer F9 insgesamt. Der steile Startwinkel hat es mit sich gebracht, daß der Booster den Scheitelpunkt seiner Bahn in 152 km Höhe erreicht hat, nicht wie üblich in 105-109 km.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat von Ulrich Elkmann im Beitrag #55Ein leicht pessimistischer Zwischenruf, 17 Monate später.
Zitat The May 1 report by the NASA Office of Inspector General (OIG) reviewed problems with the Orion spacecraft, as well as ground equipment and the Deep Space Network, from the uncrewed Artemis 1 mission launched in late 2022.
One of the biggest issues was with the Orion heat shield. NASA disclosed months after the flight that more of the ablative heat shield material had been lost during reentry than expected, but added that it has not posed a safety risk to the spacecraft. NASA is still examining what happened to the heat shield, and that was one of three issues that led the agency in January to delay the Artemis 2 mission from late 2024 to no earlier than September 2025.
According to the OIG report, NASA found more than 100 locations on the heat shield where material “chipped away unexpectedly” during the Artemis 1 reentry. The report included images showing pockmarked portions of the heat shield that had not previously been released by the agency.
The heat shield material, known as Avcoat, “wore away differently than NASA engineers predicted, cracking and breaking off the spacecraft in fragments that created a trail of debris rather than melting away as designed,” the report stated. “The unexpected behavior of the Avcoat creates a risk that the heat shield may not sufficiently protect the capsule’s systems and crew from the extreme heat of reentry on future missions.”
NASA has yet to find a root cause for the behavior of the heat shield material. In a response accompanying the report, Cathy Koerner, NASA associate administrator of exploration systems development, stated that ground testing “successfully recreated char loss” and that that the material in those tests “has the same features as observed on the Artemis I heat shield.” But the OIG report noted that while NASA was able to recreate the char loss, “they could not reproduce the exact material response or flight environment experienced during Artemis I.”
At an April 26 meeting of the NASA Advisory Council’s human exploration and operations committee, Amit Kshatriya, deputy associate administrator for the Moon to Mars Program, said understanding the heat shield performance was the top risk for the Artemis 2 mission.
The focus, he said, is understanding the “fundamental physics” of the heat shield material and how it could come loose during reentry. “We’re getting close to the final answer in terms of that cause,” he said, while others analyze potential changes in the reentry trajectory to alter the heat load on the capsule.
“When we stitch it all together, we either will have flight rationale or we won’t,” he concluded. He didn’t estimate when that would be done, although NASA’s response to the OIG report offered a planned completion date of June 30.
In addition to the heat shield char loss, the OIG report said that three of four separation bolts on the base of the heat shield, used to separate the service module before reentry, experienced “unexpected melting and erosion” that post-flight analysis blamed on a thermal model discrepancy.
NASA plans to redesign the separation bolt on later Orion spacecraft but, for Artemis 2, will install additional thermal protection material in the bolt gaps. The report added that the work for Artemis 2 can’t be completed until NASA finalizes its work on the overall heat shield.
Other issues cited in the report include issues with a power distribution unit on the service module where latching current limited opened without being commanded to do so, which NASA blamed on radiation exposure and addressed with changes to flight software and operations procedures. A problem with a Deep Space Network station in California caused a 4.5-hour loss of communications with Orion during the Artemis 1 mission, which the OIG linked to broader issues with the network.
Zitat von Ulrich Elkmann im Beitrag #57[quote=""|p174594]Vier angekündigte Starts in den nächsten gut 16 Stunden.
04:37 MESZ. Nr. 2: Start der Starlink-Mission 6-55 vom Startkomplex 40 in Cape Canaveral. 30. Starlink-Start für 2024, mit 23 Satelliten den Mini-Version zu den bisher 654 in diesem Jahr gestarteten. 19. Start für Booster B1067. Wie üblich ist das Videosignal aus dem SpaceX-Feed um gute 10 Sekunden zeitverzögert. MESZ 04:45. Landung auf der "A Shortfall of Gravitas"; 67. Landung auf der ASOG.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat The Space Down Under is livestreaming of the SR75 HyImpulse Sub-Orbital Launch to an altitude of 50km in height from Southern Launch's Koonibba Test Range.
The SR75 is a hybrid rocket shipped all the way from Germany to South Australia. Southern Launch will be overseeing this logistics of this launch from the new permanent facilities at the Koonibba Test Range. The SR75 rocket has a unique make-up of LOX and Paraffin (similar to what you find in candles) and is seeking to validate this technology, reaching to a total of 50km in height.
It is hoped with a successful launch, the rocket will be able to be recovered downrange by HyImpulse and Southern Launch teams for analysis of onboard systems.
Once the new technology has been proven, HyImpulse will complete further work on the next rocket - SL1 - with the potential to be launched from Southern Launch's orbital facility in Whalers Way.
(Auf Zeitmarke 1:11:43 spulen)
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Zitat China 'N Asia Spaceflight 🚀𝕏 🛰️ @CNSpaceflight Propellant loading of Long March 5 Y8 is underway. The first launch of Chang'e-6 is targeted at ~09:27UTC 3:02 AM · May 3, 2024
11:28 MESZ. Abheben. 177 Sekunden: Absprengen der 4 Feststoff-Booster. 329 Sekunden: Absprengen der Schanzverkleidung. 493 Sekunden: Abtrennung der ersten Stufe. 757 Sekunden. Brennschluß der 2. Stufe. In 10 Minuten erfolgt die 2. Zündung der beiden Brennkammern.
12:05. Trennung von Lander und zweiter Stufe.
Die Dauer der gesamten Mission ist auf 53 Tage angelegt.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
HyImpulse, SR75. Unsere ÖR-Fachleute mit mittlerweile mehr als 10 Milliarden € Jahresbudget an der Arbeit:
Zitat Die Forschenden arbeiten bereits an einer größeren Trägerrakete mit der Bezeichnung SL1. Auch die soll dann mit dem entsprechenden Triebwerk und Treibstoff ausgestattet werden.
Damit will HyImpulse den Transport von zwei bis drei Kleinsatelliten pro Flug in eine niedrige Erdumlaufbahn anbieten. Die Rakete soll außerdem nicht nur größer werden und damit auch mehr Gewicht tragen können. Denn um Satelliten in die Umlaufbahn befördern zu können, muss sie auch um einiges weiter hochsteigen, nämlich auf rund 500 Kilometer Höhe.
Liebe Volos, liebe Nachrichtenredaktionen: der Unterschied zwischen einem suborbitalen Parabelflug und einer Umlaufbahn besteht nicht in der erreichten Höhe, sondern darin, daß die Nutzlast nach Brennschluß der letzten Stufe die benötigte Bahngeschwindigkeit erreicht hat; diese beträgt in 150 km Höhe 7,820 km/Sek, in 200 km Höhe 7,79 und in 40 km Höhe 7,62 km/Sek. In diesen Fällen ist die durch die die Masse der Erde verursachte Krümmung der Bahn exakt so groß, daß durch die Krümmung der Erdoberfläche der Abstand gleichbleibt.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Bitte beachten Sie diese Forumsregeln: Beiträge, die persönliche Angriffe gegen andere Poster, Unhöflichkeiten oder vulgäre Ausdrücke enthalten, sind nicht erlaubt; ebensowenig Beiträge mit rassistischem, fremdenfeindlichem oder obszönem Inhalt und Äußerungen gegen den demokratischen Rechtsstaat sowie Beiträge, die gegen gesetzliche Bestimmungen verstoßen. Hierzu gehört auch das Verbot von Vollzitaten, wie es durch die aktuelle Rechtsprechung festgelegt ist. Erlaubt ist lediglich das Zitieren weniger Sätze oder kurzer Absätze aus einem durch Copyright geschützten Dokument; und dies nur dann, wenn diese Zitate in einen argumentativen Kontext eingebunden sind. Bilder und Texte dürfen nur hochgeladen werden, wenn sie copyrightfrei sind oder das Copyright bei dem Mitglied liegt, das sie hochlädt. Bitte geben Sie das bei dem hochgeladenen Bild oder Text an. Links können zu einzelnen Artikeln, Abbildungen oder Beiträgen gesetzt werden, aber nicht zur Homepage von Foren, Zeitschriften usw. Bei einem Verstoß wird der betreffende Beitrag gelöscht oder redigiert. Bei einem massiven oder bei wiederholtem Verstoß endet die Mitgliedschaft. Eigene Beiträge dürfen nachträglich in Bezug auf Tippfehler oder stilistisch überarbeitet, aber nicht in ihrer Substanz verändert oder gelöscht werden. Nachträgliche Zusätze, die über derartige orthographische oder stilistische Korrekturen hinausgehen, müssen durch "Edit", "Nachtrag" o.ä. gekennzeichnet werden. Ferner gehört das Einverständnis mit der hier dargelegten Datenschutzerklärung zu den Forumsregeln.
Sie sind vermutlich noch nicht im Forum angemeldet - Klicken Sie hier um sich kostenlos anzumelden
Online
Offline