Nachtrag zur verlorenen Werkzeugtasche. Der Außenbordeinsatz von Jasmin Moghbeli und Lorel O'Hara war der 269. Raumeinsatz an der ISS insgesamt. Er begann um 13:05 MEZ und dauerte bis 19:47. Es war der vierte Ausstieg mit ausschließlich weiblichem Personal. Der Zweck war, eine Halterung für einen Kanister an der Gitterstrebe ("truss") H4 abzuschrauben, um Platz für die Montierungen für die beiden IROSA-Sonnensegel zu schaffen, die 2025 per Cargo-Dragon-Kapsel angeliefert werden sollen. Zudem wurde ein Kabel ersetzt, das bei einer der Außenbordkamera für Kurzschlüsse gesorgt hat und die Scharniere von einigen Geräteabdeckungen geschmiert. Die Spritzpistole für diese Schmiere ist dabei beim Verlust der Werkzeugtasche auf Wanderschaft gegangen.
Der kleine Kulturkritiker merkt an, daß in "2001" HALs üble Pläne zur Beseitigung der wachen Bordmannschaft damit beginnen, daß es zu einem (wie sich erweist vorsätzlichen) Kurzschluß in der AO-Einheit kommt, die die Hauptantenne der Discovery auf die Erde ausgerichtet hält.
Zitat POOLE Yes, Hal, what's up? HAL It looks like we have another bad A.O.unit. My FPC shows another impending failure. ... OOLE Gee, that's strange, Hal. We checked the other unit and couldn't find anything wrong with it. HAL I know you did, Frank, but I assure you there was an impending failure. ... Bowman keys for transmission. BOWMAN X-ray-delta-zero to MC, zero-five-three-three. The computer has just reported another predicted failure off the AAC-unit. As you suggested, we are going to wait and see if it fails, but we are quite sure there is nothing wrong with the unit.If a reasonable waiting period proves us to be correct, we feel now that the computer reliability has been seriously impaired, and presents an unacceptable risk pattern to the mission. We believe,under these circumstances, it would be advisable to disconnect the computer from all ship operations and continue the mission under Earth-based computer control. We think the additional risk caused by the ship-to-earth time lag is preferable to having an unreliable on-board computer. ... Alarm goes off. HAL Condition yellow. Bowman and Poole rush to the computer. BOWMAN What's up? HAL I'm afraid the AO-unit has failed. Bowman and Poole exchange looks. BOWMAN Let me see the alignment display. The alignment display shows the Earth has drifted off the center of the grid.
CENTRIFUGE BOWMAN Well, I'll be damned. POOLE Hal was right all the time.
Zitat GEMÜSEANBAU AUF DER ISS: Verschwundene Weltall-Tomate wieder aufgetaucht
Nicht mehr „lost in space“: Eine seit acht Monaten auf der Internationalen Raumstation verloren geglaubte Tomate ist wieder da. Zuvor war ein Astronaut verdächtigt worden, sie heimlich verspeist zu haben.
Die NASA hat sich der Erforschung des Weltraums verschrieben. Und während einige kosmische Mysterien vielleicht nie gelüftet werden können, ist doch eines nun endlich geklärt. Die Besatzung der Internationalen Raumstation (ISS) meldet, dass eine seit acht Monaten vermisste Tomate wiedergefunden wurde. Bei dieser handelte es sich um eine von nur zwölf erfolgreich gekeimten Früchten, die im Rahmen eines Experiments in der Schwerelosigkeit der ISS gezüchtet worden waren.
Vermeintlicher Tomatendieb doch unschuldig
Verantwortlich für dieses Projekt war US-Astronaut Francisco „Frank“ Rubio. Nachdem die Tomate vor mehr als einem halben Jahr bei einer Ernteaktion spurlos entschwebt war, wurde er von seinen Kollegen lange Zeit beschuldigt, sie selbst heimlich aufgegessen zu haben. Doch nun wurde das winzige rote Knöllchen (oder viel mehr seine Überreste) offenbar doch noch gefunden, wie Mitglieder der siebenköpfigen ISS-Besatzung diese Woche in einer Live-Übertragung anlässlich des 25-jährigen Bestehens des Außenpostens im Orbit mitteilten.
„Unser guter Freund Frank Rubio wurde eine ganze Weile beschuldigt, die Tomate gegessen zu haben. Aber wir können ihn entlasten. Wir haben die Tomate gefunden“, sagte NASA-Astronautin Jasmin Moghbeli, wie space.com berichtet.
Angaben dazu, wo auf der 108 Meter langen Raumstation der etwa 2,5 Zentimeter große Gemüse-Winzling wieder aufgetaucht ist, und in welchem Zustand er sich genau befand, machte sie nicht.
Das Projekt, zu dem die Rubio-Tomate gehörte, ist unter dem Namen Veg-05 bekannt. Offiziell trägt das Unterfangen den Titel „Untersuchung der Produktivität, des Nährwerts und der Akzeptanz von Salatpflanzen zur Ergänzung des ISS-Nahrungssystems“. Mit dem Experiment soll das Wissen über die Ernährung von Astronauten während langer Missionen erweitert werden.
Wer übrigens den Kurs/die Position der 2,6 Tonnen schweren Batterien-Batterie verfolgen möchte, die heute abend oder im Lauf der kommenden Nacht in die Erdatmosphäre eintreten wird, kann das hier tun:
Zitat EP9 is loaded with old Nickel-Hydrogen batteries, NASA explained at the time it was jettisoned, also explaining that EP9 has the approximate mass of a large SUV and predicting it would re-enter Earth's atmosphere in two-to-four years.
The EP9 was delivered to the ISS via Japan's HTV-9 (Kountori 9) on May 20, 2020. The EP9 carried six Lithium-Ion battery Orbital Replacement Units (ORUs) which replaced existing ISS Nickel-Hydrogen batteries during an astronaut spacewalk.
Entwarnung! Der ausrangierte 2600 Kilo schwere Batterie-Block der Raumstation ISS wird nicht über Deutschland abstürzen. Vorher hatte sogar die Bundesregierung vor dem Weltraumschrott gewarnt
Oberstleutnant Thomas Blätte vom Weltraumlagezentrum in Uedem (NRW) zu BILD: „Die Trümmerteile werden mit sehr hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit um 20.17 Uhr in den Atlantik oder den Indischen Ozean stürzen.“
Der Oberstleutnant: „Wir haben eine Aktualisierung der Bahn-Daten bekommen, haben vermessen, wo und in welcher Höhe sich das Objekt befindet. Aufgrund der Position wird es so sein, dass der Überflug, der jetzt über Deutschland stattfindet, in einer Höhe sein wird, wo er nicht wieder in die Erdatmosphäre eintreten kann. Er wird über dem Atlantik wieder eintreten und kann somit Deutschland und Europa nicht mehr erreichen.“
Zitat Jonathan McDowell@planet4589 The EP-9 equipment pallet reentered at 1929 UTC over the Gulf of Mexico between Cancun and Cuba. This was witih the previous prediction window but a little to the northeast of the 'most likely' part of the path. A couple minutes later reentry and it would have reached Ft Myers 10:18 PM · Mar 8, 2024
Zitat Boeing, NASA target May 1 for first crewed flight of Starliner to the space station
March 26, 2024
NASA is five weeks away from putting astronauts aboard a new commercial crew capsule. May 1 is the target launch date for Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner spacecraft on the Crew Flight Test-1 (CFT-1) mission the International Space Station with NASA astronauts Barry “Butch” Wilmore and Sunita “Suni” Williams on board.
The capsule will launch atop a United Launch Alliance (ULA) Atlas 5 rocket from Space Launch Complex 41 (SLC-41) at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. Liftoff on May 1 would be at 12:55 a.m. ET (1655 UTC) with docking taking place on May 2.
Because this is a test flight, Wilmore and Williams, both astronauts with military test pilot experience, will perform some manual maneuvers during the trip to the ISS as well as on the return to Earth. Most of these actions won’t be needed during routine ferry flights to the station outside of emergency situations.
During Boeing’s first uncrewed orbital flight test (OFT) in 2019, a software problem caused the spacecraft to think it was further in the mission timeline than it was in reality, thereby triggering incorrect maneuvers to compensate.
As a result, OFT became a suborbital mission, which caused Boeing and NASA to take a hard look at the vehicle and figure out how to correct that and other issues that cropped up during flight. Cain said it caused them to rethink the way that they do ground testing.
The second flight test (OFT-2) came in May 2022 and the spacecraft was able to dock with the space station. But even then, there were some additional issues that showed up, both during flight as well as in post-flight analysis.
One of those was an imbalance in the life support system. Because there were no humans onboard to provide body heat in the capsule and create equilibrium, one of the coils in the temperature regulating system overcooled the capsule.
“In our thermal control system, was had some icing in one of the loops. And it really probably stemmed more from not having crew on board,” said Mark Nappi, vice president and program manager for Boeing’s Starliner Program. “We managed that problem and then made some changes during this last flow to make sure that doesn’t happen again. And so, what we’ll be focused on for this next flight is how the environment is controlled during the mission with crew in the vehicle.”
Since the last briefing to the news media on Starliner in the summer of 2023, Boeing worked through some concerns with the parachute system and either removed or covered a type of tape throughout the spacecraft that had a higher probability of flammability than they and NASA were comfortable with.
They moved to an upgraded type of parachute system that was originally going to debut on the Starliner-1 mission. Boeing replaced the soft link between the main chutes and the spacecraft. They also made a change to increase the strength of one of the textile joints in the parachute.
These modifications were tested during a drop test at the U.S. Army’s Yuma Proving Ground in Arizona on Jan. 9, 2024. A C-130 cargo plane deployed a test article with the parachutes supporting its descent.
Zitat von Ulrich Elkmann im Beitrag #4Wer übrigens den Kurs/die Position der 2,6 Tonnen schweren Batterien-Batterie verfolgen möchte, die heute abend oder im Lauf der kommenden Nacht in die Erdatmosphäre eintreten wird, kann das hier tun:
Zitat Trash from the International Space Station may have hit a house in Florida NASA collected the item to confirm whether it came from the International Space Station. STEPHEN CLARK - 4/2/2024, 2:24 AM
A few weeks ago, something from the heavens came crashing through the roof of Alejandro Otero's home, and NASA is on the case.
In all likelihood, this nearly two-pound object came from the International Space Station. Otero said it tore through the roof and both floors of his two-story house in Naples, Florida.
Otero wasn't home at the time, but his son was there. A Nest home security camera captured the sound of the crash at 2:34 pm local time (19:34 UTC) on March 8. That's an important piece of information because it is a close match for the time—2:29 pm EST (19:29 UTC)—that US Space Command recorded the reentry of a piece of space debris from the space station. At that time, the object was on a path over the Gulf of Mexico, heading toward southwest Florida.
This space junk consisted of depleted batteries from the ISS, attached to a cargo pallet that was originally supposed to come back to Earth in a controlled manner. But a series of delays meant this cargo pallet missed its ride back to Earth, so NASA jettisoned the batteries from the space station in 2021 to head for an unguided reentry.
Otero's likely encounter with space debris was first reported by WINK News, the CBS affiliate for southwest Florida. Since then, NASA has recovered the debris from the homeowner, according to Josh Finch, an agency spokesperson.
Ars reported on this reentry when it happened on March 8, noting that most of the material from the batteries and the cargo carrier would have likely burned up as they plunged through the atmosphere. Temperatures would have reached several thousand degrees, vaporizing most of the material before it could reach the ground.
The entire pallet, including the nine disused batteries from the space station's power system, had a mass of more than 2.6 metric tons (5,800 pounds), according to NASA. Size-wise, it was about twice as tall as a standard kitchen refrigerator. It's important to note that objects of this mass, or larger, regularly fall to Earth on guided trajectories, but they're usually failed satellites or spent rocket stages left in orbit after completing their missions.
Zitat Leck in russischem Modul stellt Risiko für die ISS dar
Die Nasa stuft das Leck, durch das Atemluft entweicht, als hohes Risiko ein. Roskosmos scheint entspannter zu sein.
28. September 2024, 18:35 Uhr
Ein Modul im russischen Teil der Internationalen Raumstation (International Space Station, ISS) hat ein Leck, durch das Atemluft entweicht und das sich vergrößert. Die US-Raumfahrtbehörde National Aeronautics And Space Administration (Nasa) ist besorgt.
Das Leck befindet sich im Service Module Transfer Tunnel, der das russischen Modul Swesda mit der Luftschleuse verbindet, an der die russischen Progress-Raumschiffe andocken. Die Ursache ist nicht bekannt. Die Nasa und die russische Raumfahrtagentur Roskosmos vermuten jedoch, dass es sich um eine schadhafte Schweißnaht handelt.
Die Nasa stuft das Leck in einem aktuellen Bericht als "ein großes Sicherheitsrisiko" ein. Sie arbeitet danach mit Roskosmos zusammen, um den Schaden einzudämmen, die Ursache zu finden sowie die Station auf weitere Lecks zu untersuchen.
Nasa und Roskosmos wissen seit September 2019 von der Existenz des Schadens. Der Bericht enthüllt allerdings Details, die bisher unbekannt waren. So scheint das Leck größer zu werden: Im Februar dieses Jahres stellte die Nasa fest, dass der Verlust an Atemluft von anfänglich weniger als einem Pfund pro Tag auf etwas über ein Kilogramm angestiegen war. Wenige Monate später, im April, betrug er schon rund anderthalb Kilogramm.
Eine Lösungsmöglichkeit für das Problem ist, die Luke zu verschließen. Sollte das Leck größer werden, könnte es nötig werden, die Luke dauerhaft zu schließen und so den Tunnel stillzulegen. Das würde bedeuten, dass Roskosmos nur noch drei statt den bisher vier Ports zum Andocken von Versorgungsraumschiffen zur Verfügung stehen würden.
Im Mai und Juni trafen sich Vertreter von Nasa und Roskosmos, um über den Schaden zu beraten. Dabei versicherte Roskosmos, man werde die Luke zum Servicemodul überwachen und schließen, bevor der Sauerstoffverlust ein unhaltbares Niveau erreiche. Laut Nasa haben die beiden Raumfahrtbehörden jedoch noch keine Einigung darüber erzielt, ab wann der Verlust unhaltbar ist.
Zitat von Ulrich Elkmann im Beitrag #11Roskosmos scheint entspannter zu sein.
Zitat von 18. Nov. 2024 23:19Officials from NASA and Russia’s space agency don’t see eye to eye on the causes and risks of small but persistent air leaks on the International Space Station.
That was the word from the new chair of NASA's International Space Station Advisory Committee last week. The air leaks are located in the transfer tunnel of the space station's Russian Zvezda service module, one of the oldest elements of the complex.
US and Russian officials "don't have a common understanding of what the likely root cause is, or the severity of the consequences of these leaks," said Bob Cabana, a retired NASA astronaut who took the helm of the advisory committee earlier this year. Cabana replaced former Apollo astronaut Tom Stafford, who chaired the committee before he died in March.
The transfer tunnel, known by the Russian acronym PrK, connects the Zvezda module with a docking port where Soyuz crew and Progress resupply spacecraft attach to the station.
Air has been leaking from the transfer tunnel since September 2019. On several occasions, Russian cosmonauts have repaired the cracks and temporarily reduced the leak rate. In February, the leak rate jumped up again to 2.4 pounds per day, then increased to 3.7 pounds per day in April.
This prompted managers to elevate the transfer tunnel leak to the highest level of risk in the space station program's risk management system. This 5×5 "risk matrix" classifies the likelihood and consequence of risks. Ars reported in June that the leaks are now classified as a "5" both in terms of high likelihood and high consequence.
NASA reported in September that the latest round of repairs cut the leak rate by a third, but it did not eliminate the problem.
Crew members aboard the space station are keeping the hatch leading to the PrK closed when they don't need to access the Progress cargo freighter docked at the other end of the transfer tunnel. Russian cosmonauts must open the hatch to unpack supplies from the Progress or load trash into the ship for disposal.
But NASA and Roscosmos disagree on when the leak rate would become untenable. When that happens, the space station crew will have to permanently close the hatch to seal off the PrK and prevent a major failure from affecting the rest of the complex.
"The Russians believe that continued operations are safe, but they can't prove to our satisfaction that they are," said Cabana, who was the senior civil servant at NASA until his retirement in 2023. "And the US believes that it's not safe, but we can't prove that to the Russian satisfaction that that's the case.
"So while the Russian team continues to search for and seal the leaks, it does not believe catastrophic disintegration of the PrK is realistic," Cabana said. "And NASA has expressed concerns about the structural integrity of the PrK and the possibility of a catastrophic failure."
Closing the PrK hatch permanently would eliminate the use of one of the space station's four Russian docking ports.
NASA has chartered a team of independent experts to assess the cracks and leaks and help determine the root cause, Cabana said. "This is an engineering problem, and good engineers should be able to agree on it."
As a precaution, Barratt said space station crews are also closing the hatch separating the US and Russian sections of the space station when cosmonauts are working in the PrK.
"The way it's affected us, mostly, is as they go in and open that to unload a cargo vehicle that's docked to it, they've also taken time to inspect and try to repair when they can," Barratt said. "We've taken a very conservative approach to closing the hatch between the US side and the Russian side for those time periods."
Falls jemand noch nach einer Idee für einen SF-Roman sucht.
Zitat Massimo@Rainmaker1973 Fun fact.
Bacteria on the International Space Station have mutated into opportunistic pathogens never seen on Earth: several strains of a multi-drug-resistant bacterium known as Enterobacter bugandensis. 11:20 AM · Dec 12, 2024
Zitat Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria Found on ISS Mutating to Become Functionally Distinct
In a new scientific paper funded by an Ames Space Biology grant, Principal Investigator Dr. Kasthuri Venkateswaran of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory strains of the bacterial species Enterobacter bugandensis isolated from the International Space Station (ISS) were studied. Thirteen strains of E. bugandensis, a bacterium notorious for being multi-drug resistant, were isolated from the ISS. Study findings indicate under stress, the ISS isolated strains were mutated and became genetically and functionally distinct compared to their Earth counterparts. The strains were able to viably persist in the ISS over time with a significant abundance. E. bugandensis coexisted with multiple other microorganisms, and in some cases could have helped those organisms survive.
Publication Impact: Closed human-built environments, such as the ISS, are unique areas that provide an extreme environment subject to microgravity, radiation, and elevated carbon dioxide levels. Any microorganisms introduced to these areas must adapt to thrive. By delving into microbial dynamics in extreme environments, this research opens doors to effective preventative measure for astronaut health.
Sengupta P, Muthamilselvi Sivabalan SK, Singh NK, Raman K, Venkateswaran K., "Genomic, functional, and metabolic enhancements in multidrug-resistant Enterobacter bugandensis facilitating its persistence and succession in the International Space Station," Microbiome. 2024 Mar 23;12:62.
Background: The International Space Station (ISS) stands as a testament to human achievement in space exploration. Despite its highly controlled environment, characterised by microgravity, increased CO2 levels, and elevated solar radiation, microorganisms occupy a unique niche. These microbial inhabitants play a significant role in influencing the health and well-being of astronauts on board. One microorganism of particular interest in our study is Enterobacter bugandensis, primarily found in clinical specimens including the human gastrointestinal tract, and also reported to possess pathogenic traits, leading to a plethora of infections.
Results: Distinct from their Earth counterparts, ISS E. bugandensis strains have exhibited resistance mechanisms that categorise them within the ESKAPE pathogen group, a collection of pathogens recognised for their formidable resistance to antimicrobial treatments. During the 2-year Microbial Tracking 1 mission, 13 strains of multidrug-resistant E. bugandensis were isolated from various locations within the ISS. We have carried out a comprehensive study to understand the genomic intricacies of ISS-derived E. bugandensis in comparison to terrestrial strains, with a keen focus on those associated with clinical infections. We unravel the evolutionary trajectories of pivotal genes, especially those contributing to functional adaptations and potential antimicrobial resistance. A hypothesis central to our study was that the singular nature of the stresses of the space environment, distinct from any on Earth, could be driving these genomic adaptations. Extending our investigation, we meticulously mapped the prevalence and distribution of E. bugandensis across the ISS over time. This temporal analysis provided insights into the persistence, succession, and potential patterns of colonisation of E. bugandensis in space. Furthermore, by leveraging advanced analytical techniques, including metabolic modelling, we delved into the coexisting microbial communities alongside E. bugandensis in the ISS across multiple missions and spatial locations. This exploration revealed intricate microbial interactions, offering a window into the microbial ecosystem dynamics within the ISS.
Conclusions: Our comprehensive analysis illuminated not only the ways these interactions sculpt microbial diversity but also the factors that might contribute to the potential dominance and succession of E. bugandensis within the ISS environment. The implications of these findings are twofold. Firstly, they shed light on microbial behaviour, adaptation, and evolution in extreme, isolated environments. Secondly, they underscore the need for robust preventive measures, ensuring the health and safety of astronauts by mitigating risks associated with potential pathogenic threats.
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