Noch zum Obigen. Apropos "U-Bahn" und das "Verlorensein in der Menge" als Symptom der "Entfremdung" des neuzeitlichen Großstadtbewohners:
1950 ist auch David Riesmans klassische soziologische Studie "The Lonely Crowd" veröffentlicht worden und gleichsam als archetypische Illustration dazu George Tookers Gemälde "The Subway" entstanden:
Zitat von Whitney Museum of American ArtThe Subway is the best known of the figurative paintings George Tooker made in response to the social injustices and isolation of postwar urban society—paintings that find an analogue in the period’s existentialist philosophy. In The Subway, Tooker employed multiple vanishing points and sophisticated modeling to create an imagined world that is presented in a familiar urban setting. Whether closed off in tiled niches or walking down the long passageway, each androgynous, anxiety-ridden figure appears psychologically estranged, despite being physically close to others in the station. The central group of commuters is locked in a grid of the metal grating’s cast shadows, while the labyrinthine passages seem to lead nowhere, suspending the city’s inhabitants in a modern purgatory. As Tooker remarked, he chose the subway as the setting for this painting because it represented “a denial of the senses and a negation of life itself.”
So richtig in diesen Zeitgeist paßt auch diese Passage aus Lewis Mumfords "The Culture of Cities" (etwas später, 1961, aber noch ganz in dieser Tonart, die sich von Audens "The Age of Anxiety", 1947, bis zum Vorabend der "Swinging Sixties" wie ein roter Faden durch die westlichen kulturkritischen Meldungen zieht):
Zitat This metropolitan world, then, is a world where flesh and blood is less real than paper and ink and celluloid. It is a world where the great masses of people, unable to have direct contact with more satisfying means of living, take life vicariously, as readers, spectators, passive observers: a world where people watch shadow-heroes and heroines in order to forget their own clumsiness or coldness in love, where they behold brutal men crushing out life in a strike riot, a wrestling ring or a military assault, while they lack the nerve even to resist the petty tyranny of their immediate boss: where they hysterically cheer the flag of their political state, and in their neighborhood, their trades union, their church, fail to perform the most elementary duties of citizenship.
Living thus, year in and year out, at second hand, remote from the nature that is outside them and no less remote from the nature within, handicapped as lovers and as parents by the routine of the metropolis and by the constant specter of insecurity and death that hovers over its bold towers and shadowed streets - living thus the mass of inhabitants remain in a state bordering on the pathological. They become victims of phantasms, fears, obsessions, which bind them to ancestral patterns of behavior.
Nachtrag. Schlagwort "U-Bahn." Jack Finneys Kurzgeschichte "The Third Level" stammt ebenfalls aus dem Jahr 1950; zuerst erschienen in "Collier's Magazine" am 7. 10. 1950, nachgedruckt in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction, Oktober 1952, die Finneys erster Storysammlung von 1957 den Titel gegeben hat. Dabei handelt es sich allerdings um einen seiner üblichen Ausflüge ins Beschwörend-Nostalgische, in dem die Sehnsucht nach "guten alten Zeiten" ausreicht, um einen Zeitsturz in solche Gefilde zu ermöglichen, in diesem Fall durch die Entdeckung einer bislang unbekannten Bahnlinie unter der New Yorker Grand Central Station, die direkt aus der Gegenwart der Nachkriegszeit ins Jahr 1894 führt. Finney hat das Thema immer wieder aufgegriffen, etwa in der Kurzgeschichte "Second Chance" (1956), in der die erste fahrt in einem restaurierten Oldtimer aus dem Jahr 1923 den Fahrer in diesem Jahr absetzt, und dem Roman "Time and Again" von 1970, in dem die Rekonstruktion des New Yorker Dakota Hotels zu siener Bauzeit einen Durchstieg ins Jahr 1882 ermöglicht.
Nachtrag II. Just denselben Versuchsaufbau wie in "Second Chance" - eine nostalgisch grundierte Autofahrt in einem aus der Zeit gefallenen, aber ansonsten profanen Automobil lädt den Fahrer in dessen Produktionsjahr - benutzt Akif Pirincci in seiner Kurzgeschichte "Der Kommissar" (1999; in Buchform in "Der Weltuntergang", 2007); allerdings ist es bei ihm ein VW-Käfer (& die Zielzeit ist 1970) anstatt eines Jordan Playboy & dem Jahr 1923.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
Die deutsche Beschreibung des Films ist etwas chaotisch. Der englische Text trifft es viel besser:
"A train and all its passengers disappear from the Berlin underground system, apparently travelling as a ghost train beneath the city. A young mathematician develops a theory: The train is still inside the network, but due to the opening of a new line, this network has become so complex that the train went into the 4th dimension and is travelling on the backside of a Moebius-strip. Unfortunately, also the designer of the network vanished..."
___________________ Verbote sind Freiheit. Meinungen sind Terror. Quoten sind Leistung. Linke Regierung ist Familie. (c) Rot-Grüne Allianz Prophezeiung: 2022, das Jahr in dem in Deutschland der Schleier für alle eingeführt wird. Nennt sich dann "Maske". "Warum halten sie Begriffe wie 'Zigeunersoße' für rassistisch, aber 'Schei** Juden' für harmlos?", Hamed Abdel-Samad
"Der banale Grund für den Mordanschlag: Er hatte vor einem Friseurgeschäft einem älteren Mitglied der Familie El-M. keinen angemessenen Gruß entboten!" Quelle: BZ, "Tödlicher Clan-Krieg tobt seit Jahren auf Berlins Straßen" von Ole Kröning und Axel Lier, 28.11.24 Kommentar: Ich bin mir nicht ganz sicher, ob die Story aus dem Zitat wahr ist oder das nur das widerspiegelt, was wir wissen. Ich könnte mir vorstellen, dass sowohl die Öffentlichkeit als auch die Ermittlungsbehörden keine vollständige Kenntnis von den Geflecht von Beziehungen und den Konflikten innerhalb der sog. "Clans" hat.
Die Frage ist natürlich, welche Schlussfolgerungen daraus zu ziehen sind.
Zitat Neues SPD-Handbuch für den Wahlkampf empfiehlt: Nicht besoffen twittern!
Um sich in diesem Wirrwarr von Kanälen, Websites und Social-Media-Accounts zurechtzufinden, hat die SPD-Parteizentrale ihren Wahlkreis-Kandidaten jetzt ein mehr als 100 Seiten starkes „Handbuch Wahlkampfwissen“ erstellt, damit am Wahltag im nächsten Jahr „der rote Balken weit nach oben geht“ und Unions-Gegenkandidat Friedrich Merz gegen SPD-Amtsinhaber Olaf Scholz verliert, so der designierte SPD-Generalsekretär Matthias Miersch in seinem Grußwort.
Erstmals dabei im Handwerkskasten der Wahlkampf-Genossen: Künstliche Intelligenz, sogar „Chatbots“, die auf Anfragen automatisch passende Antworten erstellen und als echte Reaktion des Kandidaten und der Partei ausgeben.
Im Handbuch liest sich das so: ► „Die Integration von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) in Wahlkämpfe nimmt zu. Die KI bietet schon jetzt Möglichkeiten, um Dich bei der Gestaltung und Durchführung ihres Wahlkampfs zu unterstützen.“ ► „Generative KI kann noch mehr und generiert, vereinfacht formuliert, neue Daten. Bei einem Chatbot (wie ChatGPT oder ChatFlash) kannst Du zum Beispiel wenige Wörter eingeben, die Deine Idee beschreiben, und erhältst innerhalb von Sekunden den kompletten Text für ein Grußwort, eine Grundsatzrede oder ein politisches Programm.“
„Vermeide Alkohol beim Schreiben von Beiträgen und halte dich von Zynismus fern. Beide Faktoren wirken sich negativ auf die Qualität und das Image deiner Kommunikation aus.“
Zitat South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law in an unannounced late-night TV address Tuesday, accusing the country’s main opposition party of sympathizing with North Korea and of anti-state activities.
Yoon did not say what specific measures would be taken. He cited a motion by the opposition Democratic Party, which has a majority in parliament, to impeach top prosecutors and reject a government budget proposal.
Yoon labeled the opposition’s actions as “clear anti-state behavior aimed at inciting rebellion.” He further claimed these acts have “paralyzed state affairs and turned the National Assembly into a den of criminals.”
He describing martial law as a necessary measure to eradicate these “shameless pro-North anti-state forces.” He justified the decision as essential to protect the freedoms and safety of the people, ensure the country’s sustainability, and pass on a stable nation to future generations.
The parliament speaker is traveling to parliament and plans to convene a session, according to local broadcaster YTN TV. Yonhap news agency reported though that the entrance to parliament is blocked and lawmakers are unable to enter.
Yoon accused the opposition of turning the nation into a “drug haven” and creating a state of disorder detrimental to public safety and livelihood. He also said the Democratic Party was attempting to overthrow the liberal democratic system, declaring, “The National Assembly has become a monster undermining liberal democracy, and the nation is in a precarious state, teetering on the edge of collapse.”
He assured the public, “We will eliminate the anti-state forces and restore the country to normalcy as quickly as possible.” While acknowledging that martial law might cause some inconvenience, he promised efforts to minimize its impact on the public.
Zitat The surprising move harkened back to an era of authoritarian leaders that the country has not seen since the 1980s, and it was immediately denounced by the opposition and the leader of Yoon’s own conservative party.
Following Yoon’s announcement, South Korea’s military proclaimed that parliament and other political gatherings that could cause “social confusion” would be suspended, according to South Korea’s Yonhap news agency.
The military also said that the country’s striking doctors should return to work within 48 hours, Yonhap said. Thousands of doctors have been striking for months over government plans to expand the number of students at medical schools. The military said anyone who violates the decree could be arrested without a warrant.
Zitat Video footage posted on X showed South Korean security service personnel breaking windows to enter the National Assembly building in Seoul, after the building was sealed off.
Earlier, helicopters were seen landing on the roof of the National Assembly building in Seoul, in live television footage aired by broadcasters. Pictures from the capital also appeared to show military vehicles travelling in convoy on major roads. Hundreds of people have gathered at the South Korean parliament to protest against the imposition of martial law, according to live footage. It is now around 1am on Wednesday, local time.
“Open the gate, please. Your job is to protect the National Assembly. Why are you standing idly by while MPs are being trampled?” a middle-aged man shouted at a group of policemen guarding the gate.
Security forces have faced resistance from parliamentary staff when they tried to enter the National Assembly building, according to Yonhap, the Korean news agency.
Military says martial law will be maintained until lifted by president
The South Korean military says it will maintain martial law until it is lifted by President Yoon Suk Yeol, despite the nation's parliament voting to block its enforcement, according to the country's national broadcaster.
It follows clashes between protesters and the security forces who tried to barricade the National Assembly.
Zitat 18:48 As we've been reporting, South Korean lawmakers have overwhelmingly passed the motion to demand that President Yoon Suk Yeol lift the martial law imposed a few hours ago.
The speaker of the National Assembly, Woo Won-Shik, has officially notified the president’s office and the defence ministry.
Legally, the president must now lift martial law, but politically, we must wait and see. There's been no word from Yoon since he addressed the nation.
This was a high stakes gamble for Yoon and he cannot afford to lose.
The lawmakers are staying put in the Assembly Hall for now.
Zitat 20:34 Breaking President Yoon Suk Yeol says he will lift martial law after parliament voted to block it, Yonhap news reports. We'll bring you more details when we have them.
20:43 South Koreans celebrate as Yoon withdraws martial law troops Moments after South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol announced he would lift the martial law people outside the National Assembly celebrated, the AFP news agency reports. It adds that Yoon says martial law troops have withdrawn after the National Assembly voted to block his imposition of military rule.
21:15 President Yoon Suk Yeol has given another televised speech to say he will lift the martial law, and the question is what next? MPs are still in the National Assembly building. There is a sense of disbelief that Yoon would play such a high-stake game and then back off so easily. We have seen videos of the army leaving the National Assembly and the members inside to say they have seen the military and police leave the chamber. The protesters here are not going away any time soon. They want to stay until all of the military and police go home. There is a bit of a consensus from opposition party members that Yoon should step down or be impeached.
21:40 In pictures: People cheer as barricades removed from parliament We have been following events unfold in Seoul in the last few hours - and in the last 60 minutes President Yoon Suk Yeol has reversed his martial law announcement. Troops have been pulled back from the National Assembly - but there is a sense of what happens next.
Less than two hours after his declaration, MPs defied the president, gathering at the National Assembly and voting to block his move Some broke through barricades or climbed fences to get inside the building; there were scuffles between police and protesters outside
22:45 Watch: The moment Yoon Suk Yeol lifts martial law South Korea's president lifts martial law after vote Yoon Suk Yeol announced on Wednesday morning that he was lifting martial law in South Korea, hours after instating it. It came after 190 lawmakers present in the National Assembly chamber in Seoul unanimously blocked the move. South Korea's President said: "After the National Assembly's demand to lift martial law, martial law troops have been withdrawn. "I will accept the National Assembly's demand and lift martial law through a cabinet meeting."
22:58 Lawmakers ready impeachment bill against South Korea's President A group of approximately 40 South Korean lawmakers are planning to put forward a bill to impeach President Yoon Suk Yeol as soon as Wednesday, according to the Yonhap news agency. Other lawmakers, including some in leadership positions, are reportedly calling on Yoon to step down immediately ahead of any impeachment proceedings. Earlier, the BBC spoke to several lawmakers who expressed disbelief at the day's events. Some, like opposition Democratic Party MP Hong Keewon, reported rushing to parliament and climbing over a wall to enter the building to vote against martial law.
"Les hommes seront toujours fous; et ceux qui croient les guérir sont les plus fous de la bande." - Voltaire
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